Due to the relative modernity of psychology and its everyday applicability, the field’s experiments which are now deemed controversial and unethical, of which all scientific fields have their own, have a heightened presence in our society’s consciousness. Two of these experiments, the Milgram Obedience Study and Stanford Prison Experiment, are still under constant review by experts and psychologists today for their ethical and moral issues. Despite these concerns, the community is unanimous that the experiments were vital to our current knowledge of social psychology, leading to the question of what constitutes excessive unethicality in comparison to psychological breakthrough. The Milgram Obedience Study, conducted by Dr. Stanley Milgram of Yale University, tested the amount of pain an individual can inflict on someone else--an act meant to go against their morality--when explicitly told to do so by a person in authority. The subject, who believed he was randomly assigned the r...
The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym becomes illusory in all facets of its plot--the exposition, the body, and, most notably, the conclusion; this lack of any truly concrete aspects gives the work a liminal, apparitious quality. The work embarks with a far-fetched preface describing Poe as the editor of the work, simply giving form to the account of Pym, the true author. As Pym is in the storage hold beyond the wits of the sailors, On their voyage, they are literally in the middle of the ocean, as far from concrete as Poe could write. Even when their position in the ocean is narrowed to somewhere extremely southern, Poe undermines this apparent solidity, placing them in such a previously impenetrable realm (the capital-S South Pacific), and by questioning and disproving previous expeditions in this area and the islands discovered; this effect is magnified when Poe creates three previously undiscovered islands in the area. Needless to say, when the Jane Guy lands and unloads o...